Observations of an Abundant Acorn Season Point to a ‘Mast’ Year

24

Should you notice an unusually high number of acorns this autumn, you may be observing a natural phenomenon known as a ‘mast’ year.

Such years are characterized by an intense proliferation of nuts from trees such as black walnuts, beeches, and oak species which yield acorns. These trees cycle through periods of high productivity, the ‘mast’ years, followed by years where they produce very few nuts.

In these prolific periods, it’s not uncommon for an individual oak to scatter thousands of acorns. This can necessitate premature yard cleaning to remove the nutty debris, or careful navigation to avoid accidents on nut-littered walkways.

The subsequent ‘off’ years offer a stark contrast, with the trees producing minimal to no nuts, having exhausted much of their energy during the mast year.

RELATED REPORTS
A Norway spruce from West Virginia has been selected to grace the US Capitol as the official Christmas tree of the year.
Authorities have detained two individuals linked to the unlawful cutting of a renowned tree near Hadrian’s Wall in England.
Following a wildfire in Maui, an opportunity arises to reintroduce tree species originally brought by Polynesian settlers.

For mature red oaks and black walnuts, the mast cycle can span two to five years, while pecans often experience a boom-and-bust pattern annually. While most fruit and nut-bearing trees exhibit similar fluctuations, the timing and duration are species-specific and not absolutely predictable.

Jonathan M. Lehrer, associate professor and chair of the Department of Urban Horticulture and Design at Farmingdale State College, New York, notes the lack of a definitive explanation for these mast years among scientists. The prevailing theories suggest that these cycles may be influenced by weather patterns and precipitation levels, yet no conclusive evidence has been established.

UP THE FOOD CHAIN

Mast years play a crucial role in the survival and expansion of tree species by ensuring that a portion of the seeds from the nuts germinate and mature into new trees.

The cycle also significantly impacts local fauna, as the copious nut yield during mast years boosts food availability for creatures such as woodpeckers, deer, mice, wild turkeys, and squirrels, which can lead to increased breeding. Conversely, the scarcity of food during non-mast years helps to regulate these animal populations.

Lehrer points out the profound ecological impacts of tree production, noting that a decline in nuts can ripple through the ecosystem, influencing not just rodents but also predators like foxes, owls, and bobcats. The effects of a mast year, whether seen as a slight inconvenience by humans, can have enduring consequences for several years.

The specific triggers for these productive cycles remain elusive, but the connection between plant and animal life is evident: “As plants go, we go,” Lehrer states.

For those navigating through a mast year, a few precautionary measures are advised: Steer clear of parking beneath these fruiting giants to safeguard your vehicle, tread carefully to avoid falls, and always remember to look up!

---

Jessica Damiano, the creator of the celebrated Weekly Dirt Newsletter and regular contributor of gardening columns for The AP, invites you to subscribe for weekly insights and tips. Sign up at [provided link].

---

Discover more AP gardening stories at [provided link], where a wealth of horticultural information awaits.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about mast year

More about mast year

• Understanding Mast Years
• The Impact of Mast Years on Wildlife
• Tree Nut Production Cycles
• Ecological Consequences of Mast Years
• Gardening and Tree Care
• Subscribe to the Weekly Dirt Newsletter