Argentina government

The government of Argentina, known as the federal government, consists of multiple branches and operates under the Constitution ratified in 1853. This constitution establishes a representative democracy with three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.

Executive Branch

The president, who is both the head of state and chief executive officer, is elected every four years through popular vote. The president appoints cabinet members responsible for implementing laws passed by Congress through their respective ministries or departments. The president has powers over foreign policy, defense issues, civil service appointments, taxation policies, and other matters related to public administration. The president also has the authority to veto bills proposed by Congress, although a two-thirds majority in both houses can override the veto. Additionally, the president negotiates international treaties that require approval by a two-thirds congressional vote.

The current president of Argentina is Alberto Fernández, who took office in December 2019 after winning the election against Mauricio Macri from the Juntos por el Cambio political coalition. The general elections were held on October 27th, 2019.

Legislative Branch

The legislative branch of Argentina consists of two chambers: the Senate with 72 seats and the Chamber of Deputies with 257 seats. Senators serve six-year terms, while lower house representatives serve four-year terms. All members are elected through universal adult suffrage, with runoff elections if necessary. Bills go through both houses, where they are debated and amended before final passage or rejection. Once approved, a bill requires the signature of the executive branch leader to become law. However, presidential vetoes can be overturned with support from a congressional supermajority or modified through mediation committees between both chambers. This process ensures that bills can proceed to the enactment phase without further delays if applicable, and may require presidential assent depending on individual circumstances and relevant legislation.

Judicial Branch

The judicial branch of Argentina is comprised of the National Supreme Court and five regional appeals courts strategically located in major urban areas, including the capital city of Buenos Aires and La Plata. This structure ensures easier access to justice for citizens. The judiciary plays a vital role in upholding the rule of law and maintaining social stability and peace nationwide. With advancements in technology and increased availability of informational resources, the judicial system in Argentina has evolved to adapt to the changing times and contributes to the successful implementation of modern Argentina in the globalized world.