China government

China is a unitary socialist state under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The government system is based on Marxist-Leninist ideology and it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing), two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau) as well as claims sovereignty over Taiwan.

The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949 with Mao Zedong becoming its first chairman. In 1954 at the First National People’s Congress a new constitution was adopted which established three branches of government: executive branch composed by President and State Council; legislative branch represented by National People’s Congress; judicial branch formed by Supreme Court—all leading to centralized power structure in Beijing. During Deng Xiaoping’s rule beginning 1978 significant economic reforms were introduced that increased private enterprise but also preserved CCP’s authoritarian control through party leaders appointed positions within companies instead of elected ones. This led to greater prosperity for many parts of society while downplaying political freedoms such as freedom speech or assembly rights provided for citizens according to Constitution from 1982 although censorship remains strong even today both online and offline media outlets are subject to restrictions from authorities .

In current days Xi Jinping holds office since 2012 being General Secretary Central Committee CCP having authority both inside party structures considered higher than any other position including presidency itself though he does hold title for latter role unanimously chosen during 19th congress held 2017 along others central committee memberships where policy decisions regarding domestic matters like economy environment education health care among others takes place every 5 years minimum despite some local governments autonomy allowed depending situation size scope complexity when comes resolving issues related them remain subordinate ultimate will beijing decision makers enforcing one country two systems formula controversial case hong kong whose recent protests against chinese intervention have been met heavy handedness police measures international condemnation several countries united states included has imposed sanctions high level officials involved human rights abuses committed territory opposed view taken european union trying dialogue option find agreement satisfy parties concerns